#1040
Clepsidru
O clepsidră este un dispozitiv folosit pentru a măsura timpul. Clepsidra este alcătuită din două incinte de sticlă, conectate printr-un tub fin. Una dintre incinte este umplută cu nisip, acesta scurgându-se în cea de-a doua incintă, cu o viteză constantă. Clepsidra poate fi întoarsă, pentru a măsura o altă perioadă de timp.
Arheologii au descoperit un dispozitiv, pe care l-au denumit clepsidru, format din n
clepsidre identice, suprapuse, numerotate de la 1
la n
, prin care nisipul poate circula de la o clepsidră la alta datorită forţei gravitaţionale.
Studiind acest obiect, arheologii au constatat că :
1
, când clepsidrele sunt în ordinea 1
, 2
,…, n
cu clepsidra n
aşezată pe sol, cât şi în poziţia 2
, când clepsidrele sunt în ordinea n
, n-1
,…, 1
cu clepsidra 1
aşezată pe sol;1
bob de nisip/secundă, pentru toate clepsidrele, indiferent de poziţie;Arheologii studiază comportarea clepsidrului realizând două experimente diferite, după cum urmează:
a) Se aşează clepsidrul în poziţia 1
, se introduc în incinta de sus a clepsidrei 1
un număr b
de boabe de nisip şi se determină după câte secunde vor ajunge toate boabele de nisip în incinta de jos a ultimei clepsidre;
b) Se aşează clepsidrul în poziţia 1
, se introduc în incinta de sus a clepsidrei 1
un număr b
de boabe de nisip, apoi se aşează clepsidrul în k
stări consecutive, o stare fiind caracterizată de valorile s
i
şi p
i
, 1 ≤ i ≤ k
, ce reprezintă numărul de secunde, respectiv poziţia, în care este menţinut nemişcat clepsidrul, iar la final se determină numărul de boabe de nisip din incintele fiecărei clepsidre.
Spre exemplu, dacă clepsidrul este format din
n=2
clepsidre, iar în incinta de sus a primei clepsidre se introduc b=3
boabe de nisip, la primul experiment se va obţine valoarea 4
.
La al doilea experiment se aşează clepsidrul în k=2
stări, caracterizate prin s
1
=3
, p
1
=1
; s
2
=1
, p
2
=2
.
Numărul de boabe de nisip din clepsidre va evolua ca în figura alăturată.
Să se scrie un program care citeşte valorile n
şi b
, precum şi valorile k
, s
i
, p
i
, 1 ≤ i ≤ k
, şi calculează valorile obţinute de arheologi la realizarea celor două experimente.
OJI 2013, clasa a IX-a
Problema | Clepsidru | Operații I/O |
![]() clepsidru.in /clepsidru.out
|
---|---|---|---|
Limita timp | 0.5 secunde | Limita memorie |
Total: 64 MB
/
Stivă 8 MB
|
Id soluție | #49639877 | Utilizator | |
Fișier | clepsidru.cpp | Dimensiune | 4.31 KB |
Data încărcării | 10 Martie 2024, 22:05 | Scor / rezultat | Eroare de compilare |
clepsidru.cpp:11:18: warning: missing terminating " character [enabled by default] fout<<n+b-1<<" ^ clepsidru.cpp:11:5: error: missing terminating " character fout<<n+b-1<<" ^ clepsidru.cpp:12:1: warning: missing terminating " character [enabled by default] "; ^ clepsidru.cpp:12:1: error: missing terminating " character clepsidru.cpp:134:38: warning: missing terminating " character [enabled by default] fout<<c[i][1]<<" "<<c[i][2]<<" ^ clepsidru.cpp:134:9: error: missing terminating " character fout<<c[i][1]<<" "<<c[i][2]<<" ^ clepsidru.cpp:135:1: warning: missing terminating " character [enabled by default] "; ^ clepsidru.cpp:135:1: error: missing terminating " character clepsidru.cpp: In function 'int main()': clepsidru.cpp:13:8: error: no match for 'operator=' (operand types are 'std::basic_ostream<char>' and 'int') sus=0; // pozitia celui mai de sus bob ^ clepsidru.cpp:13:8: note: candidate is: In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:58:11: note: std::basic_ostream<char>& std::basic_ostream<char>::operator=(const std::basic_ostream<char>&) <deleted> class basic_ostream : virtual public basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits> ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:58:11: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'int' to 'const std::basic_ostream<char>&' clepsidru.cpp:134:36: error: no match for 'operator<<' (operand types are 'std::basic_ostream<char>' and 'void') fout<<c[i][1]<<" "<<c[i][2]<<" ^ clepsidru.cpp:134:36: note: candidates are: In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:108:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& (*)(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type&)) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(__ostream_type& (*__pf)(__ostream_type&)) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:108:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'std::basic_ostream<char>::__ostream_type& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char>::__ostream_type&) {aka std::basic_ostream<char>& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char>&)}' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:117:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type&)) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type = std::basic_ios<char>] operator<<(__ios_type& (*__pf)(__ios_type&)) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:117:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'std::basic_ostream<char>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char>::__ios_type&) {aka std::basic_ios<char>& (*)(std::basic_ios<char>&)}' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:127:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(ios_base& (*__pf) (ios_base&)) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:127:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:166:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(long __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:166:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'long int' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:170:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(unsigned long __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:170:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'long unsigned int' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:174:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(bool) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(bool __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:174:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'bool' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:612:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:91:5: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>:: ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:91:5: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'short int' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:181:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short unsigned int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(unsigned short __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:181:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'short unsigned int' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:612:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:105:5: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>:: ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:105:5: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'int' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:192:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(unsigned int __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:192:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'unsigned int' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:201:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(long long __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:201:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'long long int' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:205:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(unsigned long long __n) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:205:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'long long unsigned int' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:220:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(double) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(double __f) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:220:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'double' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:224:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(float) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(float __f) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:224:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'float' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:232:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long double) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(long double __f) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:232:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'long double' /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:245:7: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(const void*) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<char>] operator<<(const void* __p) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:245:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'const void*' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:612:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:119:5: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type*) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type = std::basic_streambuf<char>] basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>:: ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:119:5: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'void' to 'std::basic_ostream<char>::__streambuf_type* {aka std::basic_streambuf<char>*}' In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/string:52:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/locale_classes.h:40, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ios_base.h:41, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ios:42, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:38, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/basic_string.h:2753:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/basic_string.h:2753:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: mismatched types 'const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>' and 'void' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:471:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, _CharT) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __out, _CharT __c) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:471:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: deduced conflicting types for parameter '_CharT' ('char' and 'void') fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:476:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, char) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __out, char __c) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:476:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'char' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:482:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, char) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, char __c) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:482:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'char' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:488:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, signed char) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, signed char __c) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:488:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'signed char' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:493:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, unsigned char __c) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:493:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'unsigned char' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:513:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, const _CharT*) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __out, const _CharT* __s) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:513:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: mismatched types 'const _CharT*' and 'void' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:612:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:321:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, const char*) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __out, const char* __s) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/ostream.tcc:321:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'const char*' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:530:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const char*) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, const char* __s) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:530:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'const char*' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:543:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const signed char*) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, const signed char* __s) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:543:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'const signed char*' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:548:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const unsigned char*) operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __out, const unsigned char* __s) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:548:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: clepsidru.cpp:136:15: note: cannot convert 'fin.std::basic_ifstream<_CharT, _Traits>::close<char, std::char_traits<char> >()' (type 'void') to type 'const unsigned char*' fin.close(); ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/istream:39:0, from /usr/include/c++/4.8/fstream:38, from clepsidru.cpp:2: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:602:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Tp> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&&, const _Tp&) operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&& __os, const _Tp& __x) ^ /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:602:5: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed: /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream: In substitution of 'template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Tp> std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&&, const _Tp&) [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; _Tp = void]': clepsidru.cpp:136:15: required from here /usr/include/c++/4.8/ostream:602:5: error: forming reference to void
www.pbinfo.ro permite evaluarea a două tipuri de probleme:
Problema Clepsidru face parte din prima categorie. Soluția propusă de tine va fi evaluată astfel:
Suma punctajelor acordate pe testele utilizate pentru verificare este 100. Astfel, soluția ta poate obține cel mult 100 de puncte, caz în care se poate considera corectă.